1. He aha ngā mea whakapūpū, ngā mea whakakōkī me ngā mea whakangawari?
Ka taea te wehewehe i ēnei kaihoko ki ngā kāwai e whai ake nei, e ai ki ngā whakamahinga rerekē i roto i te maimoatanga tātari pēhi paru:
He mea whakapūpū wai: e kiia ana he mea whakakōkī, ka taea te whakamahi hei huarahi hei whakapakari i te wehenga totoka-wai, e whakamahia ana i roto i te tāke whakapūpū tuatahi, te tāke whakapūpū tuarua, te tāke whakapūpū me te maimoatanga tuatoru, te tukanga maimoatanga matatau rānei.
Āwhina totoka: He mahi tā ngā matū totoka hei whakarei ake i te pānga totoka.
Whakangawari: E mōhiotia ana hoki ko te kaihoko whakamaroke wai, e whakamahia ana hei whakangawari i te paru e toe ana i mua i te whakamaroke, ā, ko ōna momo ko ētahi o ngā mea whakapūkara me ngā mea whakakōkī kua whakahuatia ake nei.
Ko ngā mea whakapūkara he momo matū ka taea te whakaiti, te whakakore rānei i te pumau o te rerenga wai me te pumau o te whakapūkara o ngā matūriki marara i roto i te wai, ā, ka meinga ngā matūriki marara kia huihui, kia whakapūkara hei mea kohikohi hei tango.
E ai ki te hanganga matū, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā mea whakarewa ki ngā mea whakarewa kore-waro me ngā mea whakarewa waro.
Ngā mea whakapūkara kore-waro
Ko ngā mea whakapūkara kore-waro tuku iho ko ngā tote konumohe ngota iti me ngā tote rino. Ko te nuinga o ngā tote konumohe ko te konumohe whanariki (AL2(SO4)3∙18H2O), te konumohe (AL2(SO4)3∙K2SO4∙24H2O), te konutai aluminate (NaALO3), ko ngā tote rino ko te kohuora whanariki (FeCL3∙6H20), te whanariki whanariki (FeSO4∙6H20) me te whanariki whanariki (Fe2(SO4)3∙2H20).
I te nuinga o te wā, ko ngā āhuatanga o ngā mea whakarewa wai kore-waro ko te ngāwari o te tiki rauemi mata, te whakarite ngāwari, te utu iti, me te pānga maimoatanga ngawari, nō reira he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te maimoatanga wai.
Te whakapūkara pūmua kore-waro
Ka whakakotahihia anō ngā pūhui hydroxyl me te hāora o Al(III) me Fe(III) hei whakakotahitanga, ka puritia ki roto i te wairewa i raro i ētahi tikanga, ā, ka tae te rahi o te matūriki ki te awhe nanometer. Ko te hua o te horopeta nui.
Ki te whakataurite i ō rātou tere tauhohenga me te tere whakapūhui, he ngawari ake te tauhohenga o te pūhui konumohe, ā, he pumau ake te āhua, ko te pūhui rino ia kua waikuratia ka tere te tauhohenga, ka ngawari te ngaro o te pumau, ā, ka pupū ake.
Ko ngā painga o ngā whakapūkara polymer kore-waro e whakaatahia ana i te mea he pai ake i ngā whakapūkara tuku iho pērā i te konumohe whanariki me te ferric chloride, ā, he iti ake te utu i ngā whakapūkara polymer waro. Ināianei kua whakamahia angitu te Polyaluminum chloride i roto i ngā tukanga maimoatanga o te tuku wai, te wai para ahumahi me te wai para o te tāone, tae atu ki te maimoatanga o mua, te maimoatanga waenga me te maimoatanga matatau, ā, kua piki haere te rongonui o te whakapūkara. Heoi, i runga i te āhua, te nui o te polymerization me te pānga coagulation-flocculation e rite ana, kei te tū tonu ngā whakapūkara polymer kore-waro i waenga i ngā whakapūkara tote whakarewa tuku iho me ngā whakapūkara polymer waro.
Ko te Polyaluminium chloride, pac, msds polichloruro de aluminio, cas no 1327 41 9, polichloruro de aluminio, pac chemical for water treatment, poly aluminium chloride, e kiia nei ko te PAC, ko tōna tātai matū ALn(OH)mCL3n-m. Ko te PAC he electrolyte maha-valent ka taea te whakaiti nui i te utu colloidal o ngā poke rite-ki-te-uku (utu maha-kino) i roto i te wai. Nā te nui o te papatipu ngota whanaunga me te kaha mimiti kaha, he nui ake ngā flocs i hangaia, ā, he pai ake te mahi flocculation me te sedimentation i ētahi atu flocculants.
He nui te kaha o te whakakotahitanga o te poly konumohe pūhaumāota, ā, mā te whakaoho tere i muri i te tāpiri ka taea te whakapoto i te wā hanga floc. Kāore te poly konumohe pūhaumāota PAC e pāngia e te pāmahana wai, ā, he pai te mahi ina iti te pāmahana wai. Ka whakaitihia te uara pH o te wai, ā, he whānui te awhe pH e tika ana (ka taea te whakamahi i te awhe pH = 5 ~ 9), nō reira kāore e hiahiatia te tāpiri i te kaihoko kawakore. He iti te horopeta o te PAC, he iti hoki te nui o te paru e puta ana, ā, he watea ake te whakamahinga, te whakahaere me te whakahaere, ā, he iti ake te waikura ki ngā taputapu me ngā paipa. Nō reira, he āhua tō te PAC ki te whakakapi haere i te konumohe pūhaumāota i roto i te mara o te maimoatanga wai, ā, ko tōna ngoikoretanga he nui ake te utu i te utu o ngā flocculants tuku iho.
Hei tāpiritanga, mai i te tirohanga o te matū otinga,PAC poly konumohe pūhaumāotaKo te hua takawaenga nekeneke o te tukanga tauhohenga hydrolysis-polymerization-precipitation o te tote konumohe, he mea kāore e pumau te pāmahana. Ko te tikanga, me whakamahi ngā hua PAC wai i roto i te wā poto (he pumau te mahi a ngā hua totoka). , ka taea te penapena mō te wā roa). Mā te tāpiri i ētahi tote inorganic (pēnei i te CaCl2, MnCl2, me ētahi atu) me ngā macromolecules rānei (pēnei i te waipiro polyvinyl, polyacrylamide, me ētahi atu) ka taea te whakapai ake i te pumau o te PAC, ā, ka taea hoki te whakanui ake i te kaha piri.
Mō te tukanga whakaputa, ka whakaurua tētahi, ētahi rānei o ngā anion rerekē (pērā i te SO42-, PO43-, me ētahi atu) ki te tukanga hanga o te PAC, ā, ka taea te whakarerekē i te hanganga polymer me te tohatoha āhua ki tētahi taumata mā te polymerization, kia pai ake ai te pumau me te whai huatanga o te PAC; mēnā ka whakaurua ētahi atu wāhanga cationic, pērā i te Fe3+, ki te tukanga hanga o te PAC kia hangaia te Al3+ me te Fe3+ kia hydrolytically polymerized, ka taea te whiwhi i te rino polyaluminum flocculant hiato.
Te whakapūkara pūmua waro
Ko ngā mea whakapūkara polymer waro hangai he matū polypropylene me polyethylene te nuinga, pērā i te polyacrylamide me te polyethyleneimine. He macromolecules raina wairewa-wai ēnei mea whakapūkara, he maha ngā waeine tāruarua kei roto i ia macromolecule kei roto ngā rōpū kua utua, nō reira ka kiia hoki ko ngā polyelectrolytes. Ko ngā mea kei roto ngā rōpū kua utua pai ko ngā polyelectrolytes cationic, ā, ko ngā mea kei roto ngā rōpū kua utua kinotia ko ngā polyelectrolytes anionic, kāore he rōpū kua utua paitia, kāore hoki he rōpū kua utua kinotia, ā, ka kiia ko ngā polyelectrolytes kore-ionic.
I tēnei wā, ko ngā mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko ngā mea whakapūkara polymer he anionic, ā, ko tā rātou mahi anake he āwhina i te whakapūkara o ngā poke colloidal kua utua kinotia i roto i te wai. He maha ngā wā kāore e taea te whakamahi takitahi, engari ka whakamahia ngātahi me ngā tote konumohe me ngā tote rino. Ka taea e ngā mea whakapūkara cationic te mahi i te whakapūkara me te whakapūkara i te wā kotahi, ā, ka whakamahia takitahi, nō reira kua tere te whanaketanga.
I tēnei wā, he maha ake te whakamahinga o ngā pūmua kore-ionic polyacrylamide i tōku whenua, e whakamahia ana me ngā tote rino me te konumohe. Ko te pānga whakakore hiko o ngā tote rino me te konumohe ki ngā matūriki colloidal me te mahi flocculation pai o ngā flocculants polymer e whakamahia ana hei whiwhi i ngā hua maimoatanga pai. Ko ngā āhuatanga o te Polyacrylamide ko te iti o te horopeta, te tere o te coagulation, me ngā flocs nui me te pakari e whakamahia ana. 80% o ngā flocculants polymer waro hangai e hangaia ana i tōku whenua i tēnei wā ko tēnei hua.
Ko te Polyacrylamide PAM, ngā whakamahinga o te polyelectrolyte, te paura cationic polyelectrolyte, te polyelectrolyte cationic, te polymer cationic, te polyacrylamide cationic te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana te flocculant polymer organic hangai, polyelectrolyte, ā, i ētahi wā ka whakamahia hei coagulant. Ko te rauemi mata o te polyacrylamide ko te polyacrylonitrile CH2=CHCN. I raro i ētahi āhuatanga, ka waikurahia te acrylonitrile hei hanga acrylamide, kātahi ka tukuna te acrylamide ki te polymerization whakatārewatanga hei whiwhi polyacrylamide. He kapia wairewa-wai te Polyacrylamide, ā, ko ngā hua he matū totoka me te wai matotoru me te kukū motuhake.
Ko te āhua tūturu o te polyacrylamide i roto i te wai ko te koiri matapōkere. Nā te mea he rahi matūriki motuhake tō te koiri matapōkere me ētahi rōpū amide i runga i tōna mata, ka taea e ia te mahi i tētahi kaha piriti me te mimiti e rite ana, arā, he rahi matūriki motuhake tōna.
Heoi, nā te mea he porowhita te mekameka roa o te polyacrylamide, he iti noa iho tōna awhe hono. I muri i te hononga o ngā rōpū amide e rua, he rite tonu ki te whakakorenga o te taunekeneke me te ngaronga o ngā wāhi mimiti e rua. Hei tāpiri, ko ētahi o ngā rōpū amide kua takaihia ki roto i te hanganga o te koiri. Kāore e taea e te roto te pa atu me te mimiti i ngā matūriki poke i roto i te wai, nō reira kāore e taea te whakamahi katoa i tōna kaha mimiti.
Hei wehewehe anō i ngā rōpū amide kua honoa, me te whakaatu i ngā rōpū amide huna ki waho, ka ngana te tangata ki te whakaroa i te koiri matapōkere kia tika, ā, ka ngana anō hoki ki te tāpiri i ētahi rōpū me ngā katione, ngā anion rānei ki te mekameka ngota roa, me te whakapai ake i te kaha mimiti me te hononga me te pānga o te whakakore hiko me te pēhi o te paparanga takirua hiko. Mā tēnei, ka ahu mai he raupapa o ngā flocculants polyacrylamide, o ngā coagulants rānei me ngā āhuatanga rerekē i runga i te PAM.
I roto i te maimoatanga totoka o te wai para, i ētahi wā kāore e taea e te kotahi te flocculant te whakatutuki i te pānga totoka pai, ā, he maha ngā wā me tāpiri ētahi atu āwhina hei whakapai ake i te pānga totoka. Ka kiia tēnei āwhina he āwhina totoka. Ko ngā mea totoka e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te chlorine, te raima, te waikawa silicic whakahohe, te kāpia wheua me te konutai alginate, te waro whakahohe me ngā momo uku.
Kāore ētahi o ngā matū whakapūpū e whai wāhi ana ki te whakapūpū, engari mā te whakatikatika me te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga whakapūpū, ka āwhina i ngā matū whakapūpū ki te whakaputa i ngā pānga whakapūpū. Ka whai wāhi ētahi matū whakapūpū ki te hanganga o ngā matū whakapūpū, ka whakapai ake i te hanganga o ngā matū whakapūpū, ā, ka taea te hanga i ngā matū whakapūpū angiangi me ngā matū wetewete i hangaia e ngā matū whakapūpū kore-waro hei matū matotoru, kikī.
4. Whakangawari makawe
E rua ngā momo whakangawari, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā kaihoko whakamaroke, ka taea te wehewehe ki ngā wāhanga e rua: ngā whakangawari kore-waro me ngā whakangawari waro. He pai ngā whakangawari kore-waro mō te tātari korehau me te tātari pereti me te anga o te paru, ko ngā whakangawari waro ia he pai mō te whakamaroke i te wai i roto i te centrifugal me te whakamaroke i te paru e te tātari whitiki.
5. te whanaungatanga i waenganui ingā mea whakapūkara, ngā mea whakakōkī, me ngā mea whakangawari
Ko te matū whakamaroke te matū e tāpirihia ana i mua i te whakamaroketanga o te paru, arā, ko te matū whakangawari o te paru, nō reira he rite tonu te tikanga o te matū whakamaroke me te matū whakangawari. Ko te horopeta o te matū whakamaroke, te matū whakangawari rānei, ka tatauhia i te nuinga o te wā hei ōrau o te taumaha o ngā totoka maroke o te paru.
E whakamahia ana ngā mea whakapūkara hei tango i ngā totoka iri i roto i te wai para, ā, he mea nui hoki ēnei i roto i te ao maimoatanga wai. Ko te horopeta o te mea whakapūkara e whakaatuhia ana e te nui i tāpirihia ki te rōrahi kotahi o te wai e tukatukahia ana.
Ko te horopeta o te kaihoko whakamaroke (kaihoko whakangawari), te kaiwhakawai wai, me te āwhina totoka ka taea te kī ko te horopeta. Ka taea te whakamahi i taua kaihoko hei kaiwhakawai wai mō te maimoatanga o te paru, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei kaiwhakangawari, hei kaiwhakamakuku rānei mō te maimoatanga o te paru nui.
Ka kiia ngā pūhui wai he pūhui wai ina whakamahia hei whakapūpū wai i roto i te maimoatanga wai. Ko aua pūhui wai kāore i te kiia he pūhui wai i roto i te maimoatanga o te paru nui, engari ka kiia ngātahitia he whakangawari wai, he whakamaroke wai rānei.
Ina whakamahi ana i tētahimea whakapūkara, nā te mea he iti noa te nui o ngā matū totoka i whakatārewatia i roto i te wai, kia tutuki ai te whakapā katoa i waenga i te flocculant me ngā matūriki i whakatārewatia, me whakarite he wā nui mō ngā wāhi whakaranu me te tauhohenga. Hei tauira, he tekau hēkona ki te maha meneti te roa o te whakaranu, ā, e 15 ki te 30 meneti te roa o te tauhohenga. Ina whakamaroketia te paru, he torutoru tekau hēkona noa iho te roa mai i te wā e tāpirihia ai te whakangawari ki te paru e tomo ana ki te mīhini whakamaroke, arā, ko te tukanga whakaranu anake he rite ki te flocculant, ā, kāore he wā tauhohenga, ā, kua whakaatuhia hoki e te wheako ka piki ake te pānga whakangawari me te noho. ka heke haere i roto i te wā.
Ngā taputapu whakahaere pai, ngā kaimahi hokohoko matatau, me ngā kaiwhakarato muri-hoko pai rawa atu; He hoa rangatira kotahi mātou, he tamariki hoki, e pupuri ana i te uara kamupene "te whakakotahitanga, te aroha, te manawanui" mō te 100% Taketake o te wheketere Haina Apam Anionic Polyacrylamide PAM mō te hinu mata,Yixing Cleanwater Chemicals Co., Ltd. he wheako hanga kei a mātou me ngā kaimahi neke atu i te 100. Nō reira, ka taea e mātou te kī taurangi he poto te wā arahi me te kounga o te hua.
Hokona atu, penapena atu 100% Nō te wheketere taketake o Haina Anionic Polyacrylamide,chitosan, drilling polymer, pac,pam,decoloring agent,dicyandiamide,polyamines,defoamer,bacteria agent,Ka piri tonu a Cleanwat ki te kaupapa "kounga teitei, ingoa pai, te kaiwhakamahi tuatahi". Ka mihi nui mātou ki ngā hoa o ngā āhuatanga katoa ki te toro mai me te tuku tohutohu, ki te mahi tahi me te waihanga i tētahi heke mai kanapa!
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Wā tuku: Hōngongoi-09-2022